![]() 43.8% of our patients showed a "fair" outcome and the remaining 13.0% had a "poor" outcome. Interviews and examination during follow-up showed a "good" outcome in 42.2%. įrom a recent review of the literature, very few reports analysing the different diagnostic options in patients with TOS were to be found the purpose of this study was therefore to analyse the different clinical tests relative to their prediction of the clinical outcome subsequent to surgery. Since its introduction by Roos, the transaxillary approach has become the most popular surgical procedure in patients with TOS. Patients who do not benefit from physiotherapy should undergo surgical treatment, whereby several procedures, such as transaxillary, supraclavicular, infraclavicular and transthoracic incision, have been described. Physiotherapy may be the treatment of choice in patients with mild forms of TOS. Furthermore, a variety of diseases can mimic the presentation of TOS. The diagnosis of TOS remains difficult, as the different examinations are not specific for TOS. Doppler sonography, x-ray, electromyographs and arteriography may also show pathological results in these patients. ĭifferent positional and compressive manoeuvres such as Adson's test, Eden's test, Wright's test, Green-stone test or the Elevated Arm Stress Test (EAST) can reproduce the symptoms of TOS. However, hypertrophy of the scalene muscles or the smaller pectoral muscle at the thoracic outlet can also be a causative factor for TOS. Compression of these neuronal and vascular structures may be secondary to anatomic bony anomalies such as cervical rib, tumour or callus formation after trauma. These symptoms result from compression of neuronal or vascular structures within the space delimited by the scalene muscles, the clavicle, and the first rib. If these treatments do not help, surgery may be an option.Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) may cause several diverse clinical disorders of the upper limb, such as pain, paraesthesia and dysaesthesia. ![]() If you develop blood clots you may be prescribed medicines to break them up (thrombolytics), and anticoagulants to prevent further clots developing. To relieve any pain and swelling, your GP may prescribe a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), such as naproxen or diclofenac. Seeing an occupational therapist may also be useful for advice about techniques to protect your back and neck while at work. Massage may also help release any tight or shortened neck tissues. Shoulder exercises can help stretch and strengthen the neck area and correct poor posture. If you have thoracic outlet syndrome, your GP may refer you for physiotherapy. These symptoms vary widely from person to person. swelling in the affected arm (although this is rare).a blood clot that forms in the subclavian artery – which can affect the blood supply to the fingers, causing small red or black patches on the skin.Raynaud's phenomenon – a condition that affects the blood supply to the fingers and toes, turning them white.temporary inability to carry out fine hand movements – such as doing up buttons.temporary loss of feeling, weakness or tingling in the affected arm and fingers.pain in your neck and shoulder, which spreads into your arm – this may be constant or come and go.Symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome include: Not all people with a cervical rib develop thoracic outlet syndrome, and the syndrome can also be caused by other conditions. Thoracic outlet syndrome usually starts between 20 and 50 years of age, and is more likely to affect men than women.Īround 1 in 10 people with a cervical rib will get thoracic outlet syndrome. This is known as thoracic outlet syndrome. It's not usually a problem, but if it presses on nearby nerves and blood vessels, it can cause neck pain, numbness in the arm and other symptoms. It may be a fully formed bony rib or just a thin strand of tissue fibres.Ī cervical rib is an abnormality that's present from birth. You can have a cervical rib on the right, left, or on both sides. ![]() A cervical rib is an extra rib that forms above the first rib, growing from the base of the neck just above the collarbone.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |